e-book+of+My+Story+of+the+World

e-book of __My Story of the World__

Middle ages essay The primary religion in the middle ages was Christian. Monks were people who dedicated their lives to religion and gave up everything they owned . Monks went to church a lot. Monks lived in monasteries. A monastery is a community was monks live and dedicate their lives to god. Monks learned to become craftsman; they made wine, studied, and made medicine. Most churches have a scriptorium which is a place where they copied ancient manuscripts. Nuns are women who dedicate their life to goad. Convents were where nuns live. A cathedral was a large Christian church. The crusades were a series of lands that where fought for by Christians and Muslims. A Reconquista was a war fought my Christian crusaders to recapture Canada. The black bubonic plague went off in 1348. It was a disease that spreads quickly through rats and fleas. It killed one third of Western Europe. Craftsmen were people who built things. Merchants were people who bought and sold. The code of chivalry was a pledge that that nights were supposed to follow. Knights are good Christians that are supposed to protect the church. Serfs paid taxes by working in the crops for their lord, and were not allowed to leave the manor without permission. A manor is a settlement that would also probably have a church. The Norse Viking was northern raiders who were best known for sailing and exploring. In 1066 William duke of Normandy crossed the English Channel with about 5000 knights. William defeated the king of England and became known as William the conqueror.

= “My Story of the World;” Middle Ages Mini-Chapter =

The approximate dates of the Middle Ages are from A.D to __. Charles__ was a Frankish leader whose grandson, named ___, lead the Franks and who spread Roman__ __throughout Europe. Charlemagne (it means “Charles the Great”) conquered many lands, including present-day France,__, and Italy. The crowned Charlemagne as the Holy Roman Emperor because Charlemagne had spread Roman Christianity throughout the territory that had previously been controlled by the Roman Empire. The form of government in the Middle Ages was called feudalism. This was a way to keep ___ in Europe. It was a system of governing based on__ ___ of land and__ __to a landowner. In the feudal system a lord gave land to the__, who in turn gave loyalty to the _. The vassal received an area of land called a in exchange for his loyalty to the lord. The “pledge of allegiance” made by a vassal was called an oath of. ** The vassal promised to protect the lord, if asked, and to act as a soldier. When a vassal wore armor on horseback in defense of his lord, they were called _. They ** followed a Code of __. Knights had to know music and poetry, have good__ __, and protect the__ _ was a person who was bound to work on a noble’s farmland. Serfs had to pay their lord taxes in the form of __or produce. A manor is a settlement that had a__ __tried to exert their control over Europe. One such tribe, named the Vikings traveled throughout Europe. They__ _ people, and stole from towns and burning them. They were also great who settled in Iceland, Greenland, and even in North America. In 1066, Willam the ___ crossed the English Channel from the north coast of France. He defeated the Saxon king of England at Hastings, who was named__. William made himself King of England. William brought elements of the French culture to England and established a strong , was forced by his vassals to sign an important document called the _. This “Great Charter” was important, because it said that King John could not __the rights of free men. The Magna Carta said that the king could not unfairly raise__, or make unfair demands of or labor from his citizens. The primary religion in the Middle Ages was _ Catholicism. This religion made its influence felt throughout the Middle Ages. Monks were who lived in _ and who dedicated themselves to serving___ and to do acts of kindness and good works. In one room in the monastery, called the scriptorium, monks copied ancient Latin and Greek texts onto__ _. Women who devoted their lives to serving god were called _. They lived in convents. A is/was a huge Christian church. In the Middle Ages, the religious life of the community centered around cathedrals. The Crusades was a series of _ that Christians fought to regain control of the Holy Land. including Jerusalem and the surrounding lands. Crusaders battled with the, who were then in control of the Holy Land. The was a long war fought by Christian armies in an attempt to recapture _ from Moslem control. A craftsman was a man who makes ___, such as coats or stained-glass. A__ sold those crafts.If you were an to a master craftsman, you had to learn basic crafts.A _ craftsman would go on travels in order to get to know other towns and other ways of working. They went on foot and often spent years wandering through the many countries before they returned home or found a city that had a place for a master of their trade. An __to a craftsman is just starting to learn the craft.You would become a master craftsman only after you had been an apprentice and served your time as a journeyman and finally completed a__ _. If you created this, you would be declared a Master and be admitted to a guild. A guild is a __of master craftsmen. A guild made sure there were no more masters of any trade than was necessary. A member of a guild was expected to support his fellow members and not steal their trade, and not__ his customers with poor goods. In 1348, a terrible disease struck Europe called the Black ___ or the Bubonic__ __. The plague was transmitted by fleas carried by__ __. The Plague killed one-third of the European population.

Name Noah Fishkind Humanities

Date: 11/21/11 6-C

=“My Story of the World: Renaissance & Reformation= == The French word “renaitre” means “to be Reborn” and that’s exactly what happened in the Renaissance. In the Renaissance, people had a rebirth of interest in the ancient Rome and Greece civilizations. During the Renaissance there was a rebirth of interest in humanism, which is the name for concern with human interests and human values and with the human experience. The Renaissance, which began around the 1400, changed the way Europe thought. == == The Renaissance began in the Italian city of Florence, because it was a city made rich because it was a center of shipping and banking. The people of Florence had excellent goods and a better chance of selling their goods. ==

The de Medici family was very wealthy banking family. The best known of the Medici family was Lorenzo medicode’ Medici // . //
== Any gifted young artists would be taken into the Medici household and be educated. Lorenzo de’Medici gave his support and protection and art to many scholars and artists. The term for such a supporter of the arts is a patron. == == One very important artist whom Lorenzo supported was Leonardo da Vinc. Leonardo created amany great paintings, such as “The Last Supper” and “The Mona Lisa.” But his other areas of interest and expertise were engineering, music, and the natural world. Leonardo was the first artist to perfect three-dimensional perspective. This was a new way of drawing and painting. It allowed the artist to make an object in the picture appear realistic to the viewer. Another major Renaissance artist was Michelangelo. He made many wonderful sculptures and paintings. Some of them were his famous painting of Bible scene on the ceiling of the sistine Chapel and his sculpture, “David”, which shows the Old Testament biblical hero as a Roman or Greek warrior. == == To understand what the Protestant Reformation was, we need to understand what “protestant” means and what “reformation” means. The verb “reform” means to charge something in order to improve it. So a “reformation” is something that has been reformed. To protest against something means to complain about something’s fairness. == == The Protestants were named well, because they protested against the pope, who is the leader of the Roman Catholic Church. Protestants did not like the way the priests and monks of the Roman Catholic Church were selling indulgence letters. This was a letter of forgiveness for sins that a priest gave out in exchange for a payment of money. The German priest Martin luther wrote the 95 Theses as a protest against indulgences. He nailed this document to the door of his church in Wittenberg, Germany. In this document, Luther protested that it was not true, or correct, Christian belief to sell the forgiveness of sins. == == The invention of the printing presses with movable type, in 1455 by Johannes Gutenberg, helped speed up the spread of ideas, like Martin Luther’s ideas. It // printed faster than a person could write, which was the // old way of copying documents or books. == The Protestant Reformation in England began when King Henry 5 broke away from the Pope, because Henry wanted a son and the Pope wouldn’t grant him one. Henry formed a new church called the Anglica Church, or Church of England. Henry VIII became richer and more powerful after the split with Rome, because he took over the cut land and money that had been owned by the Roman Catholic Church. Henry’s daughter, Elizabeth Elizabeth I [the first] was the daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn. Elizabeth was known for her intelligence and courage and for helping England overcome religious differences and foreign enemies. She led her people through these times and against the Spanish Armada in 1588. During Queen Elizabeth I’s reign lived the great William Shakespeare. He was an actor, poet, and a play writer. The plays of Shakespeare show a deep understanding of human thoughts and feelings. When he died in 1616, Shakespeare had written 37 plays and 154 poems. He is widely considered to be the greatest writer in the English language who ever lived.